TD01: Research and development personnel by institutional sector and sex

Reference period

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

Indicator

Sex

Institutional sector

Personnel

Males and females

Total

^(o)

6 562

6 559

6 531

6 818

6 921

7 600

7 882

7 955

8 792

9 276

9 621

9 904

10 074

10 131

10 205

10 284

10 492

9 889

9 234

9 593

9 479

Non-profit institutional sectors total

6 015

5 857

5 776

5 445

5 621

5 665

5 757

6 071

6 147

5 706

6 206

6 590

6 598

6 782

6 891

6 936

7 349

7 517

7 562

7 232

6 692

6 697

6 600

Higher education sector

3 399

4 339

4 475

4 220

4 442

4 647

4 694

4 813

4 894

4 591

4 949

5 303

5 338

5 543

5 669

5 713

6 076

6 247

6 342

6 001

5 577

5 590

5 642

Government sector

2 589

1 493

1 280

1 199

1 118

945

980

1 145

1 099

991

1 080

1 097

1 108

1 072

1 090

1 089

1 120

1 140

1 085

1 095

959

970

813

Private non-profit sector

113

154

124

177

190

152

167

132

134

153

130

135

136

156

137

145

Business enterprise sector

^(o)

786

1 114

910

1 153

1 164

1 529

1 735

2 249

2 586

2 686

3 023

3 122

3 183

3 195

2 856

2 767

2 930

2 657

2 542

2 896

2 879

Males

Total

^(o)

3 290

3 249

3 252

3 435

3 535

3 813

4 048

4 280

4 751

4 941

5 218

5 339

5 383

5 326

5 365

5 389

5 486

5 191

4 876

5 173

5 027

Non-profit institutional sectors total

3 056

2 973

2 797

2 654

2 728

2 680

2 726

2 793

2 830

2 725

2 965

3 162

3 157

3 191

3 214

3 234

3 414

3 492

3 486

3 313

3 076

3 094

3 031

Higher education sector

1 875

2 339

2 287

2 164

2 281

2 321

2 359

2 347

2 384

2 313

2 490

2 665

2 676

2 743

2 767

2 788

2 968

3 026

3 033

2 871

2 662

2 683

2 708

Government sector

1 167

619

499

476

426

332

338

408

395

357

400

418

412

380

393

392

388

416

395

378

344

351

268

Private non-profit sector

Business enterprise sector

^(o)

493

595

524

755

809

1 020

1 218

1 555

1 786

1 779

2 061

2 148

2 169

2 092

1 951

1 897

2 000

1 878

1 800

2 079

1 996

Females

Total

^(o)

3 272

3 310

3 279

3 383

3 386

3 787

3 834

3 675

4 041

4 335

4 403

4 565

4 691

4 805

4 840

4 895

5 006

4 698

4 358

4 420

4 452

Non-profit institutional sectors total

2 959

2 884

2 979

2 791

2 893

2 985

3 031

3 278

3 317

2 981

3 241

3 428

3 441

3 591

3 677

3 702

3 935

4 025

4 076

3 919

3 616

3 603

3 569

Higher education sector

1 524

2 000

2 188

2 056

2 161

2 326

2 335

2 466

2 510

2 278

2 459

2 638

2 662

2 800

2 902

2 925

3 108

3 221

3 309

3 130

2 915

2 907

2 934

Government sector

1 422

874

781

723

692

613

642

737

704

634

680

679

696

692

697

732

724

690

717

615

619

545

Private non-profit sector

103

102

111

Business enterprise sector

^(o)

293

519

386

398

355

509

517

694

800

907

962

974

1 014

1 103

905

870

930

779

742

817

883

Personnel in full-time equivalents

Males and females

Total

^(o)

4 600

4 545

3 710

3 745

4 129

4 275

4 735

4 362

4 740

5 002

5 086

5 430

5 277

5 724

5 855

5 858

5 796

5 636

5 772

6 048

6 183

Non-profit institutional sectors total

4 444

4 272

4 160

3 927

3 292

3 119

3 427

3 511

3 652

2 964

3 110

3 313

3 241

3 507

3 322

3 604

3 867

3 789

3 998

3 942

3 917

3 962

4 033

Higher education sector

2 224

3 043

3 077

2 907

2 305

2 319

2 565

2 585

2 752

2 176

2 290

2 405

2 390

2 688

2 465

2 735

3 000

2 850

3 103

3 062

2 969

3 015

3 233

Government sector

2 201

1 215

1 069

1 005

948

750

793

829

810

697

714

782

747

718

772

776

774

851

800

782

841

847

680

Private non-profit sector

106

125

105

101

107

121

Business enterprise sector

^(o)

440

618

418

626

702

763

1 084

1 398

1 631

1 689

1 845

1 924

1 955

2 121

1 988

2 069

1 798

1 694

1 855

2 086

2 150

Males

Total

^(o)

2 266

2 199

1 897

1 935

2 158

2 216

2 480

2 469

2 750

2 835

2 989

3 054

2 975

3 191

3 212

3 246

3 071

2 986

3 172

3 355

3 410

Non-profit institutional sectors total

2 207

2 173

1 983

1 864

1 646

1 518

1 665

1 697

1 722

1 515

1 590

1 682

1 672

1 723

1 628

1 739

1 829

1 813

1 848

1 825

1 872

1 879

1 899

Higher education sector

1 212

1 651

1 567

1 459

1 270

1 230

1 361

1 363

1 400

1 224

1 278

1 330

1 348

1 423

1 318

1 426

1 523

1 472

1 516

1 503

1 523

1 519

1 622

Government sector

986

512

409

397

362

271

280

304

293

252

267

296

274

261

278

277

270

308

293

274

299

317

232

Private non-profit sector

Business enterprise sector

^(o)

282

335

251

416

493

518

757

954

1 160

1 153

1 317

1 331

1 346

1 452

1 383

1 433

1 223

1 162

1 300

1 476

1 511

Females

Total

^(o)

2 335

2 346

1 813

1 810

1 971

2 059

2 256

1 893

1 990

2 166

2 098

2 377

2 303

2 533

2 643

2 612

2 725

2 650

2 599

2 693

2 773

Non-profit institutional sectors total

2 236

2 099

2 177

2 063

1 646

1 601

1 762

1 814

1 930

1 449

1 520

1 631

1 570

1 784

1 694

1 865

2 038

1 976

2 150

2 117

2 045

2 083

2 134

Higher education sector

1 012

1 391

1 510

1 448

1 035

1 089

1 204

1 222

1 352

952

1 012

1 075

1 042

1 265

1 147

1 309

1 477

1 378

1 587

1 559

1 447

1 496

1 611

Government sector

1 215

703

661

608

585

479

513

525

517

444

447

486

473

458

494

500

504

543

506

508

542

531

448

Private non-profit sector

Business enterprise sector

^(o)

158

283

167

209

245

326

444

470

536

528

593

609

668

605

636

575

533

555

610

639

Researchers

Males and females

Total

^(o)

4 458

4 563

4 570

4 803

5 089

5 424

5 678

5 734

6 221

6 826

7 226

7 453

7 491

7 646

7 634

7 515

7 721

7 181

6 845

7 344

7 281

Non-profit institutional sectors total

4 381

4 208

3 990

3 912

4 063

4 127

4 364

4 471

4 575

4 332

4 821

5 200

5 240

5 353

5 470

5 472

5 595

5 649

5 660

5 399

5 063

5 144

5 192

Higher education sector

2 794

3 294

3 210

3 134

3 347

3 469

3 707

3 762

3 844

3 618

3 946

4 320

4 357

4 485

4 624

4 638

4 742

4 792

4 811

4 610

4 319

4 389

4 498

Government sector

1 564

893

765

758

675

610

605

637

636

622

736

740

754

723

745

733

726

749

738

668

623

642

574

Private non-profit sector

139

140

129

145

101

127

108

111

121

113

120

Business enterprise sector

^(o)

468

651

507

676

725

953

1 103

1 402

1 400

1 626

1 986

2 100

2 021

2 174

2 039

1 866

2 061

1 782

2 200

2 089

Males

Total

^(o)

2 608

2 643

2 601

2 725

2 921

3 084

3 266

3 397

3 585

3 799

4 213

4 287

4 242

4 304

4 276

4 177

4 322

4 030

3 864

4 245

4 082

Non-profit institutional sectors total

2 559

2 447

2 285

2 224

2 258

2 239

2 366

2 357

2 427

2 333

2 543

2 700

2 722

2 765

2 805

2 825

2 853

2 872

2 877

2 746

2 556

2 598

2 577

Higher education sector

1 701

1 981

1 903

1 836

1 913

1 967

2 100

2 066

2 118

2 035

2 183

2 333

2 357

2 423

2 467

2 489

2 519

2 535

2 427

2 253

2 297

2 330

Government sector

844

452

372

375

326

249

242

258

265

252

293

296

299

279

290

278

305

292

259

244

248

198

Private non-profit sector

Business enterprise sector

^(o)

323

419

343

486

555

727

839

1 064

1 042

1 099

1 491

1 522

1 437

1 479

1 423

1 305

1 445

1 284

1 308

1 647

1 505

Females

Total

^(o)

1 850

1 920

1 969

2 078

2 168

2 340

2 412

2 337

2 636

3 027

3 013

3 166

3 249

3 342

3 358

3 338

3 399

3 151

2 981

3 099

3 199

Non-profit institutional sectors total

1 822

1 761

1 705

1 688

1 805

1 888

1 998

2 114

2 148

1 999

2 278

2 500

2 518

2 588

2 665

2 647

2 742

2 777

2 783

2 653

2 507

2 546

2 615

Higher education sector

1 093

1 313

1 307

1 298

1 434

1 502

1 607

1 696

1 726

1 583

1 763

1 987

2 000

2 062

2 157

2 149

2 223

2 273

2 276

2 183

2 066

2 092

2 168

Government sector

720

441

393

383

349

361

363

379

371

370

443

444

455

444

455

443

448

444

446

409

379

394

376

Private non-profit sector

Business enterprise sector

^(o)

145

232

164

190

170

226

264

338

358

527

495

578

584

695

616

561

616

498

474

553

584

Researchers in full-time equivalents

Males and females

Total

^(o)

2 978

3 002

2 666

2 681

3 059

3 120

3 368

3 331

3 513

3 690

3 979

4 314

4 078

4 512

4 582

4 407

4 324

4 188

4 338

4 674

4 968

Non-profit institutional sectors total

3 033

2 896

2 687

2 622

2 392

2 270

2 595

2 615

2 707

2 448

2 637

2 729

2 746

3 001

2 796

3 007

3 161

3 025

3 055

3 035

3 020

3 088

3 316

Higher education sector

1 678

2 185

2 044

1 991

1 806

1 765

2 090

2 077

2 162

1 905

2 043

2 084

2 126

2 397

2 180

2 398

2 534

2 398

2 443

2 431

2 426

2 452

2 718

Government sector

1 339

699

632

620

559

473

463

478

486

474

513

545

531

513

548

536

546

554

533

514

505

549

489

Private non-profit sector

100

109

Business enterprise sector

^(o)

291

379

274

411

464

505

661

883

876

961

1 233

1 313

1 282

1 504

1 421

1 383

1 269

1 152

1 318

1 585

1 652

Males

Total

^(o)

1 772

1 750

1 558

1 557

1 798

1 837

1 979

2 015

2 095

2 158

2 468

2 519

2 389

2 641

2 619

2 537

2 459

2 357

2 545

2 770

2 871

Non-profit institutional sectors total

1 785

1 741

1 571

1 506

1 372

1 261

1 443

1 451

1 476

1 361

1 443

1 487

1 508

1 567

1 469

1 571

1 615

1 561

1 565

1 549

1 590

1 608

1 677

Higher education sector

1 054

1 367

1 264

1 192

1 087

1 047

1 227

1 224

1 247

1 138

1 199

1 217

1 251

1 326

1 227

1 330

1 368

1 305

1 314

1 312

1 349

1 344

1 458

Government sector

722

365

300

307

272

200

196

202

204

190

205

219

210

204

213

210

211

225

216

191

196

224

176

Private non-profit sector

Business enterprise sector

^(o)

201

244

186

295

355

386

503

654

652

671

960

952

920

1 071

1 005

976

894

808

955

1 162

1 195

Females

Total

^(o)

1 206

1 251

1 108

1 125

1 261

1 283

1 389

1 316

1 418

1 532

1 510

1 796

1 689

1 871

1 962

1 870

1 865

1 830

1 793

1 903

2 096

Non-profit institutional sectors total

1 248

1 155

1 116

1 019

1 009

1 152

1 164

1 231

1 087

1 194

1 242

1 237

1 434

1 327

1 437

1 547

1 463

1 490

1 486

1 431

1 481

1 639

Higher education sector

624

818

781

799

718

863

853

914

768

843

867

876

1 071

953

1 068

1 166

1 092

1 130

1 119

1 077

1 108

1 259

Government sector

617

334

332

313

287

272

268

277

282

284

308

327

320

309

334

326

335

329

318

323

309

325

313

Private non-profit sector

Business enterprise sector

^(o)

135

116

109

120

158

229

224

290

273

361

362

434

416

407

374

345

362

423

457

Technicians

Males and females

Total

^(o)

939

948

936

904

902

1 022

1 178

1 244

1 566

1 512

1 708

1 672

1 790

1 773

1 823

1 933

1 823

1 684

1 663

1 537

1 427

Non-profit institutional sectors total

543

573

766

713

692

628

644

712

791

744

832

861

888

862

860

984

1 164

1 222

1 127

995

1 087

1 034

891

Higher education sector

172

336

558

543

505

491

469

531

604

584

639

663

700

674

675

773

933

972

939

779

867

826

710

Government sector

369

235

206

168

179

130

162

163

151

149

178

176

179

181

172

198

222

244

180

210

200

190

165

Private non-profit sector

Business enterprise sector

^(o)

173

235

244

276

258

310

387

500

734

651

820

810

930

789

659

711

696

689

576

503

536

Males

Total

^(o)

303

299

317

355

349

393

462

584

788

777

802

829

930

833

882

980

908

863

788

705

737

Non-profit institutional sectors total

170

175

202

174

198

182

196

214

200

251

291

328

319

297

280

309

415

475

423

355

383

368

349

Higher education sector

127

161

146

169

147

151

166

162

202

223

265

263

244

231

253

359

406

365

293

321

298

297

Government sector

Private non-profit sector

Business enterprise sector

^(o)

101

125

119

173

153

179

262

333

497

449

483

532

650

524

467

505

485

508

405

337

388

Females

Total

^(o)

636

649

619

549

553

629

716

660

778

735

906

843

860

940

941

953

915

820

875

832

690

Non-profit institutional sectors total

373

398

564

539

494

446

448

498

591

493

541

533

569

565

580

675

749

747

704

640

704

666

542

Higher education sector

209

397

336

344

318

365

442

382

416

398

437

430

444

520

574

566

574

486

546

528

413

Government sector

272

188

165

140

150

119

117

104

115

118

124

130

125

146

168

176

125

150

143

127

119

Private non-profit sector

Business enterprise sector

^(o)

110

125

103

105

131

125

167

237

202

337

278

280

265

192

206

211

181

171

166

148

Supporting staff

Males and females

Total

^(o)

1 165

1 048

1 025

1 111

930

1 154

1 026

977

1 005

938

687

779

793

712

748

836

948

1 024

726

712

771

Non-profit institutional sectors total

1 091

1 076

1 020

820

866

910

749

888

781

630

553

529

470

567

561

480

590

646

775

838

542

519

517

Higher education sector

433

709

707

543

590

687

518

520

446

389

364

320

281

384

370

302

401

483

592

612

391

375

434

Government sector

656

365

309

273

264

205

213

345

312

220

166

181

175

168

173

158

172

147

167

217

136

138

Private non-profit sector

Business enterprise sector

^(o)

145

228

159

201

181

266

245

347

452

409

217

212

232

158

190

173

186

184

193

254

Males

Total

^(o)

379

307

334

355

265

336

320

299

378

365

203

223

211

189

207

232

256

298

224

223

208

Non-profit institutional sectors total

327

351

310

256

272

259

164

222

203

141

131

134

116

129

100

146

145

186

212

137

128

105

Higher education sector

101

231

223

182

199

207

108

115

104

101

133

151

Government sector

226

120

104

Private non-profit sector

Business enterprise sector

^(o)

101

114

117

158

247

231

103

Females

Total

^(o)

786

741

691

756

665

818

706

678

627

573

484

556

582

523

541

604

692

726

502

489

563

Non-profit institutional sectors total

764

725

710

564

594

651

585

666

578

489

422

395

354

438

432

380

444

501

589

626

405

391

412

Higher education sector

332

478

484

361

391

480

410

405

342

313

280

253

225

308

301

256

311

382

459

461

303

287

353

Government sector

430

245

223

200

193

154

160

241

216

160

122

117

118

117

108

116

104

119

158

Private non-profit sector

Business enterprise sector

^(o)

177

105

152

128

189

205

178

130

118

150

143

103

100

151

Legend:

o	Missing value

Data extracted on 05 apr 2020 04:50 UTC (GMT) fromStatistika andmebaas

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TD01: Research and development personnel by institutional sector and sex

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