Occupations total | Males and females | Without basic education | | 2.81 |
Basic education | | 3.35 |
General secondary education | | 3.87 |
Upper secondary vocational education | | 3.94 |
Post-secondary non-tertiary education | | 4.05 |
Professional higher education | | 5.45 |
Academic higher education | | 6.71 |
Doctor's degree | | 9.90 |
Males | Without basic education | | 3.14 |
Basic education | | 3.80 |
General secondary education | | 4.56 |
Upper secondary vocational education | | 4.51 |
Post-secondary non-tertiary education | | 4.77 |
Professional higher education | | 6.44 |
Academic higher education | | 7.99 |
Doctor's degree | | 10.58 |
Females | Without basic education | | 2.30 |
Basic education | | 2.68 |
General secondary education | | 3.26 |
Upper secondary vocational education | | 3.16 |
Post-secondary non-tertiary education | | 3.52 |
Professional higher education | | 4.79 |
Academic higher education | | 5.85 |
Doctor's degree | | 9.07 |
Managers | Males and females | Without basic education | | |
Basic education | | 3.71 |
General secondary education | | 6.54 |
Upper secondary vocational education | | 5.16 |
Post-secondary non-tertiary education | | 5.72 |
Professional higher education | | 7.05 |
Academic higher education | | 9.51 |
Doctor's degree | | 13.61 |
Males | Without basic education | | |
Basic education | | 4.03 |
General secondary education | | 6.84 |
Upper secondary vocational education | | 5.36 |
Post-secondary non-tertiary education | | 6.22 |
Professional higher education | | 7.52 |
Academic higher education | | 10.36 |
Doctor's degree | | 13.70 |
Females | Without basic education | | |
General secondary education | | 5.81 |
Upper secondary vocational education | | 4.58 |
Post-secondary non-tertiary education | | 4.76 |
Professional higher education | | 6.23 |
Academic higher education | | 8.17 |
Doctor's degree | | 13.31 |
Professionals | Males and females | Without basic education | | |
General secondary education | | 4.63 |
Upper secondary vocational education | | 4.18 |
Post-secondary non-tertiary education | | 4.02 |
Professional higher education | | 6.17 |
Academic higher education | | 6.69 |
Doctor's degree | | 9.63 |
Males | Without basic education | | |
General secondary education | | 5.51 |
Upper secondary vocational education | | 5.68 |
Post-secondary non-tertiary education | | 4.83 |
Professional higher education | | 7.72 |
Academic higher education | | 7.81 |
Doctor's degree | | 10.28 |
Females | Without basic education | | |
General secondary education | | 4.26 |
Upper secondary vocational education | | 3.98 |
Post-secondary non-tertiary education | | 3.91 |
Professional higher education | | 5.46 |
Academic higher education | | 6.13 |
Doctor's degree | | 8.93 |
Technicians and associate professionals | Males and females | Basic education | | 4.32 |
General secondary education | | 5.10 |
Upper secondary vocational education | | 5.02 |
Post-secondary non-tertiary education | | 4.91 |
Professional higher education | | 5.22 |
Academic higher education | | 5.59 |
Males | Basic education | | 4.80 |
General secondary education | | 5.70 |
Upper secondary vocational education | | 5.76 |
Post-secondary non-tertiary education | | 6.00 |
Professional higher education | | 6.20 |
Academic higher education | | 6.79 |
Females | Basic education | | 3.42 |
General secondary education | | 4.55 |
Upper secondary vocational education | | 4.27 |
Post-secondary non-tertiary education | | 4.39 |
Professional higher education | | 4.70 |
Academic higher education | | 4.90 |
Clerical support workers | Males and females | Basic education | | 3.69 |
General secondary education | | 3.98 |
Upper secondary vocational education | | 3.63 |
Post-secondary non-tertiary education | | 3.71 |
Professional higher education | | 4.35 |
Academic higher education | | 4.21 |
Males | Basic education | | 4.22 |
General secondary education | | 4.76 |
Upper secondary vocational education | | 4.56 |
Post-secondary non-tertiary education | | 4.59 |
Professional higher education | | 5.18 |
Academic higher education | | 4.97 |
Females | Basic education | | 3.41 |
General secondary education | | 3.72 |
Upper secondary vocational education | | 3.34 |
Post-secondary non-tertiary education | | 3.50 |
Professional higher education | | 4.09 |
Academic higher education | | 4.02 |
Service and sales workers | Males and females | Without basic education | | 2.59 |
Basic education | | 2.51 |
General secondary education | | 2.82 |
Upper secondary vocational education | | 2.80 |
Post-secondary non-tertiary education | | 3.16 |
Professional higher education | | 3.42 |
Academic higher education | | 3.23 |
Males | Basic education | | 2.66 |
General secondary education | | 3.17 |
Upper secondary vocational education | | 3.32 |
Post-secondary non-tertiary education | | 4.04 |
Professional higher education | | 4.27 |
Academic higher education | | 3.58 |
Doctor's degree | | |
Females | Without basic education | | 2.34 |
Basic education | | 2.44 |
General secondary education | | 2.73 |
Upper secondary vocational education | | 2.64 |
Post-secondary non-tertiary education | | 2.85 |
Professional higher education | | 3.05 |
Academic higher education | | 3.03 |
Skilled agricultural, forestry and fishery workers | Males and females | Basic education | | 3.20 |
General secondary education | | 3.36 |
Upper secondary vocational education | | 3.41 |
Post-secondary non-tertiary education | | 3.77 |
Doctor's degree | | |
Males | Basic education | | 3.11 |
General secondary education | | 3.39 |
Upper secondary vocational education | | 3.42 |
Doctor's degree | | |
Females | Basic education | | 3.27 |
General secondary education | | 3.35 |
Upper secondary vocational education | | 3.39 |
Post-secondary non-tertiary education | | 3.50 |
Doctor's degree | | |
Craft and related trades workers | Males and females | Without basic education | | 3.40 |
Basic education | | 4.05 |
General secondary education | | 4.16 |
Upper secondary vocational education | | 4.38 |
Post-secondary non-tertiary education | | 4.11 |
Professional higher education | | 4.42 |
Academic higher education | | 4.46 |
Males | Without basic education | | 3.34 |
Basic education | | 4.27 |
General secondary education | | 4.43 |
Upper secondary vocational education | | 4.60 |
Post-secondary non-tertiary education | | 4.39 |
Professional higher education | | 4.61 |
Academic higher education | | 4.73 |
Females | Basic education | | 2.95 |
General secondary education | | 3.18 |
Upper secondary vocational education | | 3.01 |
Post-secondary non-tertiary education | | 2.95 |
Professional higher education | | 3.33 |
Academic higher education | | 3.09 |
Doctor's degree | | |
Plant and machine operators, and assemblers | Males and females | Without basic education | | 3.58 |
Basic education | | 3.82 |
General secondary education | | 3.98 |
Upper secondary vocational education | | 3.99 |
Post-secondary non-tertiary education | | 3.80 |
Professional higher education | | 4.44 |
Academic higher education | | 4.23 |
Doctor's degree | | |
Males | Without basic education | | 3.61 |
Basic education | | 4.07 |
General secondary education | | 4.36 |
Upper secondary vocational education | | 4.27 |
Post-secondary non-tertiary education | | 4.14 |
Professional higher education | | 4.99 |
Academic higher education | | 4.84 |
Doctor's degree | | |
Females | Basic education | | 3.08 |
General secondary education | | 3.22 |
Upper secondary vocational education | | 3.18 |
Post-secondary non-tertiary education | | 3.11 |
Professional higher education | | 3.24 |
Academic higher education | | 3.06 |
Doctor's degree | | |
Elementary occupations | Males and females | Without basic education | | 2.29 |
Basic education | | 2.60 |
General secondary education | | 2.64 |
Upper secondary vocational education | | 2.65 |
Post-secondary non-tertiary education | | 2.61 |
Professional higher education | | 2.58 |
Academic higher education | | 2.61 |
Males | Without basic education | | 2.62 |
Basic education | | 2.91 |
General secondary education | | 3.17 |
Upper secondary vocational education | | 3.16 |
Post-secondary non-tertiary education | | 3.02 |
Professional higher education | | 3.10 |
Academic higher education | | 3.19 |
Females | Without basic education | | 2.02 |
Basic education | | 2.33 |
General secondary education | | 2.32 |
Upper secondary vocational education | | 2.33 |
Post-secondary non-tertiary education | | 2.44 |
Professional higher education | | 2.37 |
Academic higher education | | 2.24 |
Armed forces occupations | Males and females | Without basic education | | |
Males | | |
Females | | |
Basic education | | |
Post-secondary non-tertiary education | | |
Doctor's degree | | |